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• The only pronoun that is always capitalized is Sie (you formal).
• Sie, sie, and sie can be confusing.

• 'Sie' is the formal version of both 'you singular' and 'you plural.' 'Sie' is used with someone that you are on a last name basis with or an adult that you do not know well. It is always capitalized, no matter where it falls in the sentence.

• 'sie' is the pronoun for 'she.' It is only capitalized at the beginning of the sentence.
• 'sie' is the pronoun for 'they.' It is also only capitalized at the beginning of the sentence.

• To tell the difference between 'sie- she' and 'sie- they' for now, look at the verb in the sentence and how it is conjugated. Usually if the verb ends in 't,' the pronoun means 'she.' If the verb ends in 'en,' then the pronoun is 'they.'

• Wie heißen Sie- How are you called?
• Ich heiße____- I am called____.
• Wie heißt er?- How is he called?
• Er heißt____- He is called____.

• Besides elf and zwölf, the teen numbers are constructed by using one of the basic numbers drei through neun, then adding 'zehn' to the end.

basic number + zehn
exceptions: sechzehn (drop the 's' in 'sechs'), siebzehn (drop the 'en' in 'sieben')

• The numbers for 20, 30, 40, etc are constructed by using the basic number, then adding 'zig' to the end.

basic number + zig
exceptions: zwanzig (use 'zwan' instead of 'zwei'), dreißig (use 'ß' instead of 'z'), sechzig (drop the 's' in 'sechs'), siebzig (drop the 'en' in 'sieben')

• 21, 22, 23 . . . are constructed by using one of the basic numbers plus 'und' (and), then the word for 20, zwanzig. There are no spaces in the word.

basic number + und + zwanzig
example: einundzwanzig (21), zweiundzwanzig (22), dreiundzwanzig (23)
exceptions:  einundzwanzig (drop the 's' in 'eins'), sechundzwanzig (drop the 's' in 'sechs'), siebundzwanzig (drop the 'en' in 'sieben').

• The phrase 'wie alt sind Sie' is used to ask about someone's age. The response is: 'ich bin___ Jahre alt.'- I am ___ years old.
  • Wie alt sind Sie?- How old are you?
  • Ich bin___ Jahre alt.- I am___ years old.
  • Wie alt ist sie?- How old is she?
  • Sie ist___ Jahre alt.- She is ___ years old.
  • Wie alt bist du?- How old are you? (informal)
  • Du bist___ Jahre alt.- You are___ years old. (informal)

1. Ich bin fünfzig Jahre alt._____________________________________
2. Ihr_________________________________________________________
3. Sie heißt Johanna.___________________________________________
4. Wie alt bist du?_____________________________________________
5. siebundvierzig.______________________________________________
6. Wie heißen Sie?_____________________________________________
7. Wir sind____________________________________________________
8. elf__________________________________________________________
9. Er ist neunundzwanzig Jahre alt.______________________________
10. Wir heißen Wolfgang und Anna._______________________________

1. You all (informal) are 42 years old._____________________________
2. What is his name?____________________________________________
3. How old is Wolfgang?__________________________________________
4. Gretel is 5 years old.__________________________________________
5. 99____________________________________________________________
6. She is________________________________________________________
7. Year__________________________________________________________
8. You (informal) are 12 years old.________________________________
9. to be__________________________________________________________
10. They__________________________________________________________